Jurnal ICMES

Global Palestine Liberation Movement Post 'Boycott-Divestment-Sanctions'

2025-06-30T16:58:21+07:00

The Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions (BDS) movement emerged as a response to Israel’s settler colonialism, apartheid, and human rights violations against the Palestinian people. While BDS has succeeded in raising global awareness and fostering international solidarity, its effectiveness in achieving structural change remains contested. This article offers a critical reflection on the achievements and limitations of the BDS movement within the context of the global political economy, and proposes an alternative strategy grounded in Coxian critical theory. Emphasizing the role of social forces of production, state formation, and world order, this approach promotes more inclusive and transformational transnational mobilization. It also involves reforming global institutions, building alliances among Global South countries, and leveraging media and technology to construct counter-hegemonic narratives that challenge Israel’s ideological and economic dominance. The article argues that the liberation of Palestine requires a global movement that goes beyond economic tactics, toward a reconstruction of global structures rooted in social justice.

Religious Moderation

2025-06-30T17:14:53+07:00

Religious moderation is one of Majelis Hukama al-Muslimin’s agenda that aimed to creating a peaceful and tolerant society that upholds moral values and humanity, particularly among Muslims. This agenda has received support from the United Arab Emirates, because this moderation, besides being an ideal standard in religion practices, is also a necessity for the United Arab Emirates in realizing its various national interests. Based on these arguments, this research seeks to further explore the discourse of religious moderation that have become the agenda of Majelis Hukama al-Muslimin and United Arab Emirates in international community. This research is a descriptive qualitative study using library research methods. Through post-structuralism theory, this research observes that the Majelis Hukama al-Muslimin and the United Arab Emirates, through the discourse of religious moderation, have succeeded in forming a regime of truth by making moderate Islam the legitimacy of Islamic teachings. This has implications for religious moderation becoming a truth acknowledged by the global community. However, on the other hand, the success of this regime in voicing Islamic moderation has led to a decline in the influence of several other Islamic groups and organizations in the international community.

Comparative Analysis of United States Foreign Policy on the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict during the Barack Obama (2009-2017) and Donald Trump (2017-2021) Administrations

2025-07-01T03:21:35+07:00

The United States, under the administrations of Barack Obama and Donald Trump, demonstrated stark differences in their foreign policy approaches to the Israel–Palestine conflict. Obama emphasized a normative and persuasive strategy by supporting the two-state solution as a means to bring both parties to the negotiating table. In contrast, Trump adopted a more aggressive and controversial approach, exemplified by the launch of Trump's Peace Plan and the relocation of the U.S. Embassy to Jerusalem. This research aims to compare the foreign policy directions of both presidents, with a particular focus on how internal factors and idiosyncratic characteristics shaped their decision-making processes. Using a qualitative approach and the idiosyncratic theory as the analytical framework, the research examines each leader's background, leadership style, and policy preferences. The findings suggest that Obama tended to favor multilateralism and diplomacy, while Trump prioritized a more transactional approach. The research concludes that idiosyncratic factors played a significant role in shaping the United States' foreign policy approach to the Israel–Palestine conflict.

The Impact of Normalization of Relations between Israel and Arab Countries on the Israeli-Palestinian Issue

2025-07-01T03:46:41+07:00

Normalization of relations with Israel by several Arab countries is referred to as an effort to help Palestine resolve its conflict with Israel. By establishing diplomatic relations, these Arab countries aim to become direct mediators for Palestinian independence. This study will attempt to examine the impact of the normalization of relations between Arab countries and Israel on the Palestinian issue. The research method employed is qualitative, utilizing a literature review. The researchers employ Keohane and Nye's concept of economic interdependency to analyze the relations between several Arab countries and Israel. The results of the study indicate that the normalization of relations between several Arab countries and Israel will only strengthen Israel's dominance in the Middle East due to the economic interdependency of Arab countries on Israel and the United States.

Islamic Revolution of Iran

2025-07-01T06:00:24+07:00

The 1979 Islamic Revolution in Iran stands as one of the most complex and challenging revolutions in modern history, as it not only overthrew the Pahlavi monarchy but also established an Islamic republic that integrates religious and political values. This article departs from the question: to what extent can the Iranian Islamic Revolution be explained through theories of social revolution and/or religious revolution? To address this, the study compares two theoretical perspectives: Theda Skocpol’s theory of social revolution, which emphasizes structural and institutional factors, and Imam Ali Khamenei’s concept of religious revolution rooted in Qur’anic values and spirituality. Using a qualitative approach and a descriptive-comparative method, this study finds that the Iranian Islamic Revolution cannot be fully understood solely through structural or spiritual lenses, but rather represents a unique synthesis of material change and ideological transformation—thereby offering a new model of revolution that transcends the conventional Western dichotomy between religion and the social.