Peran Ormas Muhammadiyah sebagai Faith-Based Organization dalam Memberikan Respons Kemanusiaan terhadap Rakyat Palestina
Abstract
The protracted conflict between Israel and Palestine, which is still unresolved, has resulted in hundreds of thousands of Palestinians being displaced and in dire need of humanitarian assistance. This issue become a great concern to all international relations actors, including religious organizations. This article will discuss the role of the religion-based organization, namely Muhammadiyah, in providing humanitarian assistance to the Palestinian community. The author uses qualitative research methods with an explanatory approach. Data collection was carried out using library research techniques, namely data collection techniques sourced from books, scientific journals, research reports, mass media news, and official documents. In analyzing the data, the author uses the concepts of “Muhammadiyah” and Faith-Based Organization. The findings of this research are that Muhammadiyah's activities related to Palestine consist of four dimensions, namely providing humanitarian assistance, developing the view that defending Palestine is part of Islamic activism, collecting humanitarian funds, and providing advocacy for Palestinian independence and increasing awareness of the Indonesian people about this issue.
Downloads
References
Abdussamad, Zuchri. 2021. Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. Gorontalo: CV Syakir Media Press.
Afandi. (2020). Diam-diam, Sekolah Qur’an Lazismu Telah Berdiri di Lebanon. [Online] Muhammadiyah. Dalam: https://muhammadiyah.or.id/sekolah-quran-lazismu-telah-berdiri-di-lebanon/ [Diakses 15 April 2023]
Afandi. (2021). Lagi, Muhammadiyah Akan Bangun Sekolah Kedua untuk Pengungsi Palestina di Lebanon. [Online] Muhammadiyah. Dalam: https://muhammadiyah.or.id/lagi-muhammadiyah-akan-bangun-sekolah-kedua-untuk-pengungsi-palestina-di-lebanon/ [Diakses 20 April 2023]
Ahmad, A. J. (2016). Tackle the rising cost of living longer. NST, [Online]. Dalam: https://www.nst.com.my/news/2016/10/184420/tackle-rising-cost-living-longer [Diakses 5 Mei 2023]
Alamsyah, I. E. (2019). Muhammadiyah and disaster response: Innovation and change in humanitarian assistance. Republika, [Online]. Dalam: https://www.republika.co.id/berita/pybo27349/konsistensi-muhammadiyah-mencerdaskan-kehidupan-bangsa [Diakses 20 April 2023]
Anam, M. Z. (2012). Islamic Civil Society and Conflict Resolution Muhammadiyah's Challenges Towards the Dynamics of Malaysia-Indonesia Relationship. Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional, [online] 1(2). Dalam: DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/hi.2012.0017.160-170 [Diakses 10 Mei 2023]
Anon. (2019). Isu Palestina. [Online] Kemlu. Dalam: https://kemlu.go.id/portal/id/read/23/halaman_list_lainnya/isu-palestina [Diakses 12 Mei 2023]
Aslamiah, Saibatul, dan Jamaan, Ahmad. (2015). Diplomasi Indonesia Dalam Mendukung Palestina Menjadi Negara Peninjua Di PBB Tahun 2012. Jurnal Online Mahasiswa, [online] 2(2), 1-21. Dalam: https://jom.unri.ac.id/index.php/JOMFSIP/article/view/7523/7195 [Diakses 12 Mei 2023]
Assegaf, F. (2021). MUI masih terus kumpulkan dana untuk bangun rumah sakit di Hebron, Palestina. Albalad.co, [Online]. Dalam: https://albalad.co/palestina/2021A11650/mui-masih-terus-kumpulkan-dana-untuk-bangun-rumah-sakit-di-hebron-palestina/ [Diakses 10 Mei 2023]
BBC. (2018). US ends aid to Palestinian refugee agency Unrwa. [Online] Dalam: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-45377336 [Diakses 10 Mei 2023]
Bush, R. (2014). Muhammadiyah and disaster response: innovation and change in social welfare. [Online] Academia. Dalam: https://www.academia.edu/6207255/Muhammadiyah_and_disaster_response_innovation_and_change_in_social_welfare [Diakses 15 Mei 2023]
CNN Indonesia. (2021). Muhammadiyah Sebut Dukungan untuk Palestina Sesuai UUD 1945. [Online] Dalam: https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20210524152454-20-646306/muhammadiyah-sebut-dukungan-untuk-palestina-sesuai-uud-1945 [Diakses 20 September 2022]
Cook, S. A. (2020). Global Conflict Tracker: Israeli-Palestinian Conflict. [Online] CFR. Dalam: https://www.cfr.org/global-conflict-tracker/conflict/israeli-palestinian-conflict [Diakses 12 April 2022]
Davidson, Lisa Witzig, Hayes, Margaret Daly, dan Landon, James J. (1996). Humanitarian and Peace Operations: NGOs and the Military in the Interagency Process. Geneva: NDU Press Book.
Dewi Suratiningsih, Dea Puspita, dan Safira. (2020). Diplomasi Pemerintah Indonesia Dan Ngo Kemanusiaan Indonesia Dalam Isu Palestina Pada Tahun 2014-2020. Proyeksi: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora, [online] 25 (1), 11-28. Dalam: https://jurmafis.untan.ac.id/index.php/Proyeksi/article/view/2602/0 [Diakses 5 September 2022]
Duke. (2015). Faith-based organizations play valuable role in development. [Online] Dalam: https://dcid.sanford.duke.edu/faith-based-organizations-play-valuable-role-in-development/ [Diakses 19 April 2022]
Ec.europa. (2022). Palestine Factsheet. [Online] Dalam: https://ec.europa.eu/echo/where/middle-east/palestine_en [Diakses 12 April 2022].
Ferris, E. (2005). Faith-based and secular humanitarian organizations. International Review of the Red Cross, [online] 87(858), 311-325. Dalam: https://international-review.icrc.org/sites/default/files/irrc_858-6.pdf [Diakses 20 Mei 2023]
Habibie, N. (2018). Pembangunan RS RI di Tepi Barat diharapkan mengobati trauma rakyat Palestina. Merdeka, [Online]. Dalam: https://www.merdeka.com/peristiwa/pembangunan-rs-ri-di-tepi-barat-diharapkan-mengobati-trauma-rakyat-palestina.html [Diakses 20 April 2023]
IDN Times. (2021). Muhammadiyah Berhasil Himpun Bantuan Rp7 Miliar untuk Palestina. [Online] Dalam: https://www.idntimes.com/news/indonesia/rochmanudin-wijaya/muhammadiyah-berhasil-himpun-bantuan-rp7-miliar-untuk-palestina [Diakses 20 Mei 2023]
Iqbal, M. (2021). Viral Bantuan Muhammadiyah Sampai ke RS di Palestina. CNBC Indonesia, [Online]. Dalam: https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20210524135553-4-247895/viral-bantuan-muhammadiyah-sampai-ke-rs-di-palestina [Diakses 17 Agustus 2022]
Ishom, M. I. H. (2016). Komite Indonesia Untuk Solidaritas Palestina (Studi Gerakan Solidaritas Palestina Di Indonesia). Jurnal Politik Muda, [online] 5(2), 183 - 197. Dalam: https://journal.unair.ac.id/download-fullpapers-jpma1bfd160d32full.pdf [Diakses 20 September 2022]
Jebrohim, DKK. (2010). Membumikan Gerakan Ilmu dalam Muhammadiyah. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Khozin. (2005). Menggugat Pendidikan Muhammadiyah. Malang: UMM Press.
Lazismu. (2021). Sejak Puluhan Tahun Lalu, Muhammadiyah Telah Kirim Bantuan Ke Palestina. [Online] Dalam: https://lazismu.org/view/sejak-puluhan-tahun-lalu-muhammadiyah-telah-kirim-bantuan-ke-palestina [Diakses 23 September 2022]
Machmudi, Y. (2013). Sejarah dan Profil Ormas-Ormas Islam di Indonesia. Depok: PTTI UI.
Markus, Sudibyo, dkk. (2006). USINDO Roundtable With the Muhammadiyah and Aisyiyah Delegation. [Online] Dalam: https://web.archive.org/web/20060813131301/http://www.usindo.org/Briefs/2006/Muhammadiyah%20on%20Health%2004-06-06.htm [Diakses 10 Maret 2023]
Medistiara, Y. (2021). Ketum PP Muhammadiyah: Bela Palestina Sama dengan Tegakkan Konstitusi. Detik, [Online]. Dalam: https://news.detik.com/berita/d-5579521/ketum-pp-muhammadiyah-bela-palestina-sama-dengan-tegakkan-konstitusi [Diakses 13 April 2023]
Mubarak, T. (2014). Muhammadiyah Mengapa ke Fatah, Bukan Rakyat Gaza?. [Online] Hidayatullah. Dalam: https://hidayatullah.com/redaksi/surat-pembaca/read/2014/09/17/29653/muhammadiyah-mengapa-ke-fatah-bukan-rakyat-gaza.html {Diakses 5 September 2023}
Muhammadiyah. (2021). Apa Kaitan Masalah Palestina dengan Islam?. [Online] Dalam: https://muhammadiyah.or.id/apa-kaitan-masalah-palestina-dengan-islam/ [Diakses 17 September 2022]
Muhammadiyah. (2021). Skema Bantuan Muhammadiyah untuk Palestina Dulu, Kini, dan Nanti. [Online] Dalam: https://muhammadiyah.or.id/skema-bantuan-muhammadiyah-untuk-palestina-dulu-kini-dan-nanti/ [Diakses 12 Mei 2023]
Muhammadiyah, T. P. E. (2005). Ensiklopedi Muhammadiyah. Jakarta: RajaGrafindo Persada.
OHCHR. (2022). What are human rights?. [Online] Dalam: https://www.ohchr.org/en/what-are-human-rights [Diakses 10 Mei 2023]
Nurhidaya, Antong, dan Halim, Ibrahim. (2016). Analisis Nilai-Nilai Al-Islam Kemuhammadiyahan terhadap Kecurangan Akademik dan Integritas Mahasiswa Akuntansi Universtas Muhammadiyah Palopo. [online] Dalam: http://repository.umpalopo.ac.id/390/1/JURNAL%20NURHIDAYA_201630060%20%281%29.pdf [Diakses 10 Mei 2023]
Rabbani, A. (2018). Peran Muhammadiyah Dalam Misi Kemanusiaan Internasional (Studi Kasus: Pengungsi Rohingya Tahun 2017. SKRIPSI UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. [online] Dalam: https://repository.uinjkt.ac.id/dspace/bitstream/123456789/42687/2/ABDURRAHMAN%20RABBANI-FISIP.pdf [Diakses 20 September 2022]
Rizky, F. (2021). Jejak Muhammadiyah Membantu Palestina. Sindo News, [Online] Dalam: https://nasional.sindonews.com/read/433630/15/jejak-muhammadiyah-membantu-palestina-1621584342 [Diakses 20 Mei 2022]
Rochmanudin. (2021). Muhammadiyah Berhasil Himpun Bantuan Rp7 Miliar untuk Palestina. IDN Times, [Online] Dalam: https://www.idntimes.com/news/indonesia/rochmanudin-wijaya/muhammadiyah-berhasil-himpun-bantuan-rp7-miliar-untuk-palestina [Diakses 25 September 2023]
Sairin, W. (1995). Gerakan Pembaruan Muhammadiyah. Jakarta: Pustaka Sinar Harapan.
Suara Islam. (2022). Muhammadiyah Bangun Sekolah bagi Pengungsi Palestina di Beirut. [Online] Dalam: https://suaraislam.id/muhammadiyah-bangun-sekolah-bagi-pengungsi-palestina-di-beirut/ [Diakses 20 Mei 2023]
Sugiyono. (2017). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung : Alfabeta, CV.
Tuijl, P. v. (1999). NGOs and Human Rights: Sources of Justice and Democracy. Journal of International Affairs, [online] 52(2), 493-512. Dalam: https://www.jstor.org/stable/24358050 [Diakses 10 Mei 2023]
UN. (2022). Human Rights. [Online] Dalam: https://www.un.org/en/global-issues/human-rights [Diakses 20 April 2022]
Wardah, F. (2021). Indonesia Bangun Rumah Sakit di Hebron, Palestina. Voa Indonesia, [Online]. Dalam: https://www.voaindonesia.com/a/indonesia-bangun-rumah-sakit-di-hebron-palestina/6333165.html [Diakses 4 September 2022]
Willetts, P. n.d. What is a Non-Governmental Organization?. [Online] Dalam: https://www.gdrc.org/ngo/peter-willets.html [Diakses 10 Maret 2022]
