Krisis dalam Konflik
Keamanan Manusia Yaman semasa Perang Saudara 2015-2021
Abstract
Abstract
Yemen is one of the most volatile countries in the Middle East. The civil war that is taking place in Yemen has worsened the country's internal conditions with many threats to human security. Various threats to human security have become increasingly apparent since Operation Decisive Storm in 2015. This study aims to discuss the humanitarian condition in Yemen in 2015-2021 using the human security concept. The method used is qualitative with literature study data collection. The data obtained were collected and analysed using Atlas.ti software. The results showed that Yemen experienced insecurity in the seven dimensions of human security (economic, food, health, environment, personal, community, and political), which are interrelated. Various factors cause insecurity in Yemen, including attacks by weapons of war, limited access, and climate change. However, these causes arise because of the continuation of the war. Therefore, the cessation of war is the main thing that needs to be done to prevent a continuing threat.
Keywords: civil war, human security, humanitarian crisis, Yemen
Abstrak
Yaman merupakan salah satu negara dengan instabilitas tinggi di Timur Tengah. Perang saudara yang berlangsung di Yaman telah memperburuk kondisi dalam negeri negara tersebut dengan banyaknya ancaman terhadap keamanan manusia. Berbagai bentuk ancaman terhadap keamanan manusia semakin jelas terlihat sejak Operasi Badai yang Menentukan (Operation Decisive Storm) pada tahun 2015. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas kondisi kemanusiaan di Yaman pada tahun 2015-2021 dengan menggunakan konsep keamanan manusia. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data studi literatur. Data yang diperoleh dikumpulkan dan dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak Atlas.ti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Yaman mengalami ketidakamanan pada ketujuh dimensi keamanan manusia (ekonomi, pangan, kesehatan, lingkungan, personal, komunitas, politik) yang saling berkaitan satu sama lainnya. Terdapat berbagai macam faktor yang menyebabkan ketidakamanan di Yaman, di antaranya adalah serangan senjata perang, keterbatasan akses, serta perubahan iklim. Akan tetapi, berbagai penyebab tersebut sejatinya muncul karena adanya keberlangsungan perang. Oleh karena itu, berhentinya perang menjadi hal utama yang perlu dilakukan untuk mencegah ancaman yang berkelanjutan.
Kata kunci: keamanan manusia, krisis kemanusiaan, perang saudara, Yaman
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